On December 7, 1941, Japan attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor and invaded British and French colonies in Asia, and the two wars became one. In June 1941, Germany invaded the Soviet Union, starting the largest area of war in history. Germany gave up plans to invade Britain after losing an airplane battle. Only the British remained fighting against the Axis in North Africa, the Mediterranean, and the Atlantic. By 1941, much of Europe was under German control, including France. France and the United Kingdom reacted by declaring war on Germany. The war began in Europe when Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. The war in Asia began when Japan invaded China on July 7, 1937. The two sides were the Allies (at first China, France and the United Kingdom, joined by the Soviet Union, United States and others) and the Axis ( Germany, Italy and Japan). The war included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, starvation, disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons against civilians in history. Between 50 to 85 million people died, most of whom were civilians. It involved more countries, cost more money, involved more people, and killed more people than any other war in history. It was the largest and deadliest conflict in all of history. Most of the world's countries, including all of the great powers, fought as part of two military alliances: the Allies and the Axis Powers. Most countries fought from 1939 to 1945, but some started fighting in 1937. World War II ( WWII or WW2), called the Great Patriotic War in the Soviet Union, was a global war involving fighting in most of the world and most countries. Other campaigns Atlantic Arctic Strategic bombing America French West Africa Indian Ocean MadagascarĬontemporaneous wars Soviet–Japanese border conflicts Franco-Thai War Ecuadorian–Peruvian War Ili Rebellion Mediterranean and Middle East North Africa East Africa Mediterranean Sea Adriatic Malta Yugoslavia Iraq Syria–Lebanon Iran Italy Dodecanese Southern France Pacific War China Pacific Ocean South-East Asia South West Pacific Japan Manchuria (1945) Europe Poland Phoney War Winter War Denmark & Norway France & Benelux Britain Balkans Eastern Front Finland Western Front (1944–45)
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